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Sustainability education (SE), Education for Sustainability (EfS), and Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) are interchangeable terms describing the practice of teaching for sustainability. ESD is the term most used internationally and by the United Nations.〔McKeown, R. (2002) ("Education for Sustainable Development Toolkit" ), retrieved 7/7/10.〕 Agenda 21 was the first international document that identified education as an essential tool for achieving sustainable development and highlighted areas of action for education. == Background == Groundwork has been laid for sustainability education worldwide. Recent changes in service learning, a focus on literacies and skills, standards that support interdisciplinary thinking, and the role of systems thinking have all increased the visibility of the movement.〔Dernback, J.C. (2002) ''Stumbling toward sustainability.'' Environmental Law Institute. p. 608.〕 Various approaches to ESD encourage people to understand the complexities of, and synergies between, the issues threatening planetary sustainability and understand and assess their own values and those of the society in which they live in the context of sustainability. ESD seeks to engage people in negotiating a sustainable future, making decisions and acting on them. While it is generally agreed on that sustainability education must be customized for individual learners,〔Huckle, J. and Sterling, S.R. (2006) ''Education for sustainability.'' Earthscan. p. 139.〕 according to Tilbury and Wortman, the following skills are essential to ESD:〔Tilbury, D. and Wortman, D. (2004). Engaging People in Sustainability. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland.〕 * Envisioning – being able to imagine a better future. The premise is that if we know where we want to go, we will be better able to work out how to get there. * Critical thinking and reflection – learning to question our current belief systems and to recognize the assumptions underlying our knowledge, perspective and opinions. Critical thinking skills help people learn to examine economic, environmental, social and cultural structures in the context of sustainable development. * Systemic thinking – acknowledging complexities and looking for links and synergies when trying to find solutions to problems. * Building partnerships – promoting dialogue and negotiation, learning to work together. * Participation in decision-making – empowering people. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Education for sustainable development」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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